What are the steps to register for PESEL?
If you're planning to live, work, or study in Poland for an extended period, obtaining a PESEL number (Powszechny Elektroniczny System Ewidencji Ludności) is one of the most important steps you'll need to take. This number serves as your universal identification number in Poland, similar to a social security number. It’s essential for taxes, healthcare, employment, banking, and many public services.
In this post, we’ll walk you through everything you need to know about registering for a PESEL number as a foreigner.
What is a PESEL Number?
PESEL is an 11-digit national identification number issued by the Polish government. It is assigned to:
- Polish citizens automatically at birth
- Foreigners who register their residence in Poland for more than 30 days
- Foreigners needing a PESEL for official matters (such as taxation, health insurance, or contracts)
Who Needs a PESEL Number?
You’ll likely need a PESEL number if you are:
- Living in Poland for more than 30 days
- Working for a Polish employer
- Registering with the Polish healthcare system (NFZ)
- Signing a long-term rental agreement or mobile phone contract
- Filing taxes in Poland
- Applying for a residence card
Step-by-Step: How to Register for a PESEL Number
Step 1: Determine Your Basis for Application
There are two common ways foreigners get a PESEL:
- Through Residence Registration (Meldunek):
If you register your place of stay in Poland for more than 30 days, the PESEL is usually issued automatically. - Through an Application with Justification:
If you're unable to register your residence but still require a PESEL (e.g. for tax purposes), you can apply directly and provide a legal reason.
Step 2: Prepare Your Documents
You'll need to bring the following:
- A valid passport or ID card (if you're an EU citizen)
- A residence registration form (for meldunek-based applications)
- A rental contract or confirmation of address (required for registration of stay)
- A completed PESEL application form
- Proof of why you need a PESEL (only if applying without meldunek)
Step 3: Visit Your Local Municipal Office (Urząd Gminy or Urząd Miasta)
Go to the city or municipal office in the area where you are living. If you're in a larger city like Warsaw, Kraków, or Wrocław, be sure to find the office responsible for your specific district.
At the office:
- Take a number from the ticket machine
- Submit your documents at the appropriate counter
- If you're registering your residence, your PESEL will often be issued on the spot
Step 4: Receive Your PESEL Number
If everything is in order:
- Your PESEL may be assigned immediately (especially if you're registering residence)
- If you applied without meldunek, it may take a few days to two weeks to process
You'll receive a confirmation document with your PESEL number, which you should keep safe.
PESEL for Tax Purposes Only
If you are working in Poland but not registering your residence, you can still get a PESEL. You must:
- Fill in the PESEL application form
- Submit a written request stating the legal basis (e.g. Polish Tax Ordinance Act, Art. 3 section 1 point 1)
- Show your employment contract or other proof that you require a PESEL for tax identification
Additional Tips
- There is no fee for applying for a PESEL.
- Translating documents is generally not required, but always bring originals.
- Some municipalities offer online appointments to reduce waiting time.
- Bring a Polish-speaking friend or translator if you’re not confident with the language.
Final Thoughts
Registering for a PESEL number is a vital part of establishing yourself in Poland. While the process may seem bureaucratic, it is usually straightforward if you bring the correct documents and follow the steps. Once you have a PESEL, many aspects of life in Poland—like healthcare, taxes, and official paperwork—become much easier to manage.
Planning to stay in Poland long-term? Make sure this number is one of the first things you sort out.
